Ragava International Statistical Institute - Global Healthcare Training

1.) Applying the pareto principle in Quality improvement is

Prioritizing process issues

Tracking and measuring process effectiveness

Providing meaningful data to support strategic objectives

Prioritizing patient outcome issues

2.) Special cause variation is---------------- to the process

Random, extrinsic, outlier

Assignable, intrinsic, noise

Random, inlier, identifiable

Assignable, extrinsic, outlier

3.) When common cause process variation is identified, the goal of quality improvement is to

Promote compliance with established procedure or protocol

Eliminate the variation

Improve practitioner competency

Reduce variation sufficiently to produce stability

4.) In statistical process control, it is important first to

Eliminate assignable cause of variation

Eliminate random cause of variation

Prioritize cause of variation

Eliminate all cause of variation

5.) Walter Shewharts causes of variation led him to develop methodology to chart the process and quickly determine when a process is Out of control This ongoing measurement and analysis is known as

Statistical process control (SPC)

RCA

FMEA

TQM

6.) A healthcare quality professional can best display the distribution of 48 data points on waiting times in an ambulatory care clinic using a

Stem-and leaf plot

Bar chart

Scatter diagram

Run chart

7.) A small, rural hospital wishes to evaluate customer satisfaction using a survey. The organization has four patient care units, an emergency department, and an ambulatory unit. Which of the following survey methods provides the most reliable information?

A random sample of 20% of annual discharges/ visits per unit

A random sample of 5% of annual discharges/ visits per unit

All discharges /visits in January and July

All discharges /visits of customers with a last name beginning with the letters A-E.

8.) When data has a range of values between the lowest and highest that is wide, but you want to rank-order them, it is best to use a

Line graph

Simple frequency distribution

Grouped frequency distribution

Cumulative frequency distribution

9.) The average between the highest and lowest measures is the

Median

Mean

Mode

SD

10.) The method of ordering data by listing all possible values, and all individuals receiving each value, is called

The range

The standard deviation

A simple frequency distribution

A grouped frequency distribution

11.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the total N?

11

8

19

15

12.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the range of values?

11

8

19

15

13.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the arithmetic mean?

11

10

9

8

14.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the mode ?

11

10

9

8

15.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the median ?

11

10

9

8

16.) The most accurate measure of describing the amount of variability in a distribution is the

Variance

Range

Standard deviation

Dispersion

17.) The rate of increase or decrease in total medication error over a six-month period could best be displayed by the use of a

Frequency polygon

Line graph

Bar graph

Cumulative frequency curve

18.) Measurement and assessment activities by the local Ambulatory surgery center indicate that monthly surgical site postoperative infection rates have increased over the past year. A comparison of the local Centers aggregated rate to the other surgery centers in the same region, for like procedures, is best displayed by the use of a

Bar graph

Pie graph

Grouped frequency distribution

Line graph

19.) A focused review of every other case seen in the emergency department on June 2, is an example of which type of sampling?

Nonprobability quota

Stratified random

Systematic random

Nonprobability purposive

20.) According to epidemiological theory, the rate of new cases of transfusion reaction since the previous year would be termed

A numerator

A denominator

A prevalence rate

An incidence rate

21.) When comparing averaged immunization data from two pediatric medical groups, it is appropriate to use

Standard deviation

A t-test

A chi-square test

Variance

22.) The use of regression analysis to help determine relationships between groups of numbers is most closely associated with which graphic display technique?

Frequency distribution

Scatter diagram

Line graph

Histogram

23.) The ability of a data measurement tool to produce the same results over a period of time is known as

Sensitivity

Specificity

Validity

Reliability

24.) You are the quality professional for a large provider organization. You have two sets of monthly utilization data total costs and total reimbursements from payers for the last two years. Use this information to answer questions .To best display the data for the full two years, which of the following types of graphic displays should you use?

Pie charts

Bar charts

Run charts

Pareto charts

25.) If the reimbursement data is broken out by payer for the last year, which statistical calculation and chart would probably be more informative?

Pie chart and means

Bar chart and means

Run chart and standard deviations

Pareto chart and percentages

26.) Which is the best graphic display to show proportion

Pie chart

Bar chart

Run chart

Pareto chart

27.) Which display is best to help the ambulatory clinic team decide which of 10 reasons for patient dissatisfaction to address this year?

Pie chart

Bar chart

Run chart

Pareto chart

28.) The distance from the lowest to the highest value in a frequency distribution of wait times in the emergency department is the

Standard deviation

Range minus 1

Range

Variance

29.) The primary care clinic tracks callers telephone wait times as a recurring performance measure twice a year. In the last two months, wait times have been increasing. On the latest run chart, 8 consecutive data points all in ascending order, with 21 total data points, represent an

Common cause of variation

Special cause variation

Cyclical variation

Astronomical variation

30.) As quality management director at Sunshine Community Medical center, you are conducting comparative analysis of the surgical wound infection rate data between two surgical units. The p-value of the chi-square test you run will help you draw what conclusion about the relationship between the two sets of data?

Ratio of the rates

Standard deviation of the difference from the mean

Proportion of the relationship

Significance of the relationship

31.) The Pareto rule is which of the following?

80% of QM activities are wasted

80% of the problems have 20% of the impact

20% of the problems have 80% of the impact

20% of the costs reap 80% of the benefit

32.) The QI team is responsible for determining whether the data demonstrates special or common cause variation. Of the following, what is the best display option to use?

Run chart

Pareto chart

Scatter diagram

Control chart

33.) Which of the following descriptions correctly correlate with continuous data?

Variables, counted, categorized, percentages, means, t test

Counted, categorized, measured, variables, means, t test

Discrete, counted, categorized, percentages, chi-square, whole numbers

Attributes, counted, measured, discrete, chi-square, means

34.) When interpreting a run chart or control chart, a cyclical pattern of data points indicates that

There is normal common cause variation

Something systematically affecting the process

There is a need to change the process

The process is in statistical control

35.) Comparison of data is best displayed by

Flowchart, cause and effect diagram, scatter diagram

Run chart, table, scatter diagram

Pie chart, control chart, pareto chart

Flowchart, cause and effect diagram, affinity diagram

36.) Relationships are best displayed by a

Flowchart, cause and effect diagram, scatter diagram

Run chart, table, scatter diagram

Pie chart, prioritization matrix, Pareto chart

Flowchart, cause and effect diagram, check sheet

37.) In a proportion, the difference between the two ratios 50:1000 and 375:5000 is

125

250

325

4000

38.) In response to the occurrence of a sentinel event, Sunshine Medical Centers designated QI team developed and implemented a clinical patient safety process called Clinical Team Management. To determine the impact of the process on medical error reporting patterns, the team compared the number of event reports/total admissions for one year before implementation and one year after full implementation : p = <0.001. Comparison of event severity for near misses and adverse events with minimal effect: p = 0.059. Use this information to answerIt is likely that the team selected which of the following analysis tools:

Regression analysis

Standard deviation

Chi-square

t test

39.) Based on the analysis, what conclusion did the team report? Implementation of CTM

Eliminated sentinel events

Significantly decreased event severity

Only slightly improved event reporting

Significantly improved event reporting

40.) Focus groups provide patient/customer input or feedback. What type of information do they offer?

Qualitative

Quantitative

Measured

Opinionated

41.) In evaluating long wait times, a healthcare quality professional can best demonstrate components related to staffing, methods, measures, materials, and equipment by utilizing

Run chart

Histogram

Pie chart

Ishikawa diagram

42.) Which of the following sampling technique involves selecting the medical record of every fifth patient undergoing cardiovascular bypass?

Convenience

Systematic

Stratified

Simple random

43.) An emergency department trends wait times from patient arrival to physician assessment. Data are reported using run chart. Which of the following demonstrate a true statistical increase in treatment delay?

6 consecutive ascending data points

7 consecutive descending data points

A zigzag pattern of 10 data points

Data points close to the mean line

44.) The relationship between patient satisfaction and hours per patient day on a medical unit was found to be (r = 0.60, p<0.05). What is the correlation between these two values?

0.05

0.36

0.55

0.6

45.) Which of the following tools should be used to record patient and practitioner specific data?

Flowchart

Graphs

Histogram

Spreadsheet

46.) A healthcare quality professional has been asked to provide a report on the rate of Cesarean sections performed at a hospital over the past five years. Which of the following is the best way to present the data?

Pareto chart

Control chart

Cause-effect diagram

Stratified histogram

47.) The first step in conducting an epidemiological study is to

Collect the data

Determine which statistical test to use

Develop the data collection tool

Formulate the question to be answered

48.) The best tool to display stability of nosocomial infection rate over time is a

Run chart

Histogram

Pareto chart

Control chart

49.) Using the 80/20 rule, 80% of organizational problems are issues related to

Systems

Education

Performance

Staffing

50.) A goal of measurement is to collect valid and reliable data that reflects

Actual performance

Targeted performance

Potential performance

Desired performance

HDA_Part 1

1.) Applying the pareto principle in Quality improvement is

2.) Special cause variation is---------------- to the process

3.) When common cause process variation is identified, the goal of quality improvement is to

4.) In statistical process control, it is important first to

5.) Walter Shewharts causes of variation led him to develop methodology to chart the process and quickly determine when a process is Out of control This ongoing measurement and analysis is known as

6.) A healthcare quality professional can best display the distribution of 48 data points on waiting times in an ambulatory care clinic using a

7.) A small, rural hospital wishes to evaluate customer satisfaction using a survey. The organization has four patient care units, an emergency department, and an ambulatory unit. Which of the following survey methods provides the most reliable information?

8.) When data has a range of values between the lowest and highest that is wide, but you want to rank-order them, it is best to use a

9.) The average between the highest and lowest measures is the

10.) The method of ordering data by listing all possible values, and all individuals receiving each value, is called

11.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the total N?

12.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the range of values?

13.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the arithmetic mean?

14.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the mode ?

15.) Use the following list of values to answer below questions. 4,5,5,6,8, 8,8,9,10,11,12,12,15,18,19What is the median ?

16.) The most accurate measure of describing the amount of variability in a distribution is the

17.) The rate of increase or decrease in total medication error over a six-month period could best be displayed by the use of a

19.) A focused review of every other case seen in the emergency department on June 2, is an example of which type of sampling?

20.) According to epidemiological theory, the rate of new cases of transfusion reaction since the previous year would be termed

21.) When comparing averaged immunization data from two pediatric medical groups, it is appropriate to use

22.) The use of regression analysis to help determine relationships between groups of numbers is most closely associated with which graphic display technique?

23.) The ability of a data measurement tool to produce the same results over a period of time is known as

25.) If the reimbursement data is broken out by payer for the last year, which statistical calculation and chart would probably be more informative?

26.) Which is the best graphic display to show proportion

27.) Which display is best to help the ambulatory clinic team decide which of 10 reasons for patient dissatisfaction to address this year?

28.) The distance from the lowest to the highest value in a frequency distribution of wait times in the emergency department is the

29.) The primary care clinic tracks callers telephone wait times as a recurring performance measure twice a year. In the last two months, wait times have been increasing. On the latest run chart, 8 consecutive data points all in ascending order, with 21 total data points, represent an

31.) The Pareto rule is which of the following?

32.) The QI team is responsible for determining whether the data demonstrates special or common cause variation. Of the following, what is the best display option to use?

33.) Which of the following descriptions correctly correlate with continuous data?

34.) When interpreting a run chart or control chart, a cyclical pattern of data points indicates that

35.) Comparison of data is best displayed by

36.) Relationships are best displayed by a

37.) In a proportion, the difference between the two ratios 50:1000 and 375:5000 is

39.) Based on the analysis, what conclusion did the team report? Implementation of CTM

40.) Focus groups provide patient/customer input or feedback. What type of information do they offer?

41.) In evaluating long wait times, a healthcare quality professional can best demonstrate components related to staffing, methods, measures, materials, and equipment by utilizing

42.) Which of the following sampling technique involves selecting the medical record of every fifth patient undergoing cardiovascular bypass?

43.) An emergency department trends wait times from patient arrival to physician assessment. Data are reported using run chart. Which of the following demonstrate a true statistical increase in treatment delay?

44.) The relationship between patient satisfaction and hours per patient day on a medical unit was found to be (r = 0.60, p<0.05). What is the correlation between these two values?

45.) Which of the following tools should be used to record patient and practitioner specific data?

46.) A healthcare quality professional has been asked to provide a report on the rate of Cesarean sections performed at a hospital over the past five years. Which of the following is the best way to present the data?

47.) The first step in conducting an epidemiological study is to

48.) The best tool to display stability of nosocomial infection rate over time is a

49.) Using the 80/20 rule, 80% of organizational problems are issues related to

50.) A goal of measurement is to collect valid and reliable data that reflects